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| Chamomile | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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M. chamomilla: German chamomile flowers contain about 0.5 percent of a volatile oil that is light blue. The most important constituents of the oil are bisabolol and related compounds and matricin. Bisabolol has significant antispasmodic and anti-inflammatory activity. Up to half of the oil is chamazulene, formed from matricin during heating. Flavonoids in the flowers, apigenin and luteolin, are also active. In addition, the coumarins herniarin and umbelliferone may also quell inflammation and quiet smooth muscle spasms. No single ingredient has been identified as responsible for the benefits of chamomile. C. nobile: Roman chamomile flowers contain from 0.5 to 2.5 percent essential oil, which does not contain bisabolol. The flavonoid ingredients are similar, though not identical, to those of M. chamomilla. Both types of chamomile have
traditionally been used in tea to treat digestive distress including
stomachache, cramps, colitis, and flatulence. Chamomile has a
long-standing reputation as being good for almost anything that might ail a
body. Millions of children have learned about one of its most widespread
uses, treating indigestion due to dietary indiscretion, from Beatrix Potter's
The Tale of Peter Rabbit. Another traditional use has been to relieve menstrual
cramps. Chamomile infusions are also used to stimulate the appetite and to aid
digestion. Chamomile tea is considered a mild sleep aid. It is also used
as a gentle treatment for fevers.
The essential oils are not very soluble in water; as a result, the dose of active ingredients delivered in the usual cup of chamomile tea is low. However, regular use of chamomile tea over an extended period is believed to have cumulative benefits. Chamomile preparations are also used topically for red, inflamed skin and as a mouthwash or gargle. Components of chamomile have antibacterial and antifungal activity. People with colds sometimes breathe in the vapors from a steaming cup of chamomile tea. This pleasantly aromatic steam is believed to help relieve congestion of the nose and lungs. To make the tea, pour approximately 2/3 cup boiling water over 1 or 2 teaspoons dried chamomile flowers and steep at least five minutes. For digestive problems, drink tea three to four times a day, between meals. There are no limitations on duration of use. |
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