The bean is a tender, warm season vegetable
that ranks second only to tomato in popularity in home gardens.
Beans
are sensitive to cold temperatures and frost. They dislike cold wet soils, and
are inclined to rot. Do not sow until the soil temp is above 50 degrees. Soil
temps can be incerased earlier in the season if it is covered with black
plastic a few weeks before sowing.
Start new plants every 15 days thru
the first of July. later plantings may not do as well as the days turn colder,
and there are fewer hours of sunlight. Plant seeds of all varieties one 1 1/2
in. deep, and about 18 in. apart in a protected, but sunny location that has
well drained soil.
For best results, ample amounts of well rotted
organic matter should be mixed in at the end of the previous year. Seeds of
most varieties tend to crack and germinate poorly if the soil's moisture
content is too high.
For this reason, never soak bean seed before
planting. Instead water just after planting or plant right before a heavy rain.
Throughout the season, keep beans evenly moist at all times as beans are
particularly sensitive to water stress while flowering, and as pods swell.
Beans have shallow roots and careful, frequent shallow cultivation and
hoeing are necessary to control small weeds and grasses. Unless of course you
are growing in raised beds. Then your job will be much easier.
Keep
pods from resting directly on the soil by using twigs from aroung the yard as
support. Harvest when the pods are firm, crisp and fully elongated, about 4 in.
long, but before the seed within the pod has developed significantly.
Pick beans when they are thoroughly dry so as not to spread bean
bacterial blight, a disease that seriously damages the plants. Use a pair of
scissors or sharp knife to remove the pods, and be careful not to break the
stems or branches, which are brittle on most bean varieties.
The bean
plant continues to form new flowers and produces more beans if pods are
continually removed before the seeds mature.
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